[32] In this area there are many greenhouses which produce a "variety of tropical plants rarely cultivated so far north", including some species of cacti, because of the lake's tempering effect. [91] Sometimes the clouds of mayflies have caused power outages[92] and roads to become slippery with squashed insects. It is an important link in the St. Lawrence Seaway. With a mean surface height of 570 feet (170 metres) above sea level, Erie has the smallest mean depth (62 feet) of the Great Lakes, and its deepest point is 210 feet. [139] It is illegal for swimmers younger than 14 to attempt such a crossing. Recreational boaters have two options to report: (1) Outlying Areas Reporting Service [ OARS] Videophone or (2) via telephone under the I-68 program. In short, Lake Erie is in danger of dying by suffocation. [72], Lake Erie has a complex ecosystem with many species in interaction. [79] Another estimate was more than $7billion. [6][10] It is the southernmost, shallowest, and smallest by volume of the Great Lakes[11][12] and therefore also has the shortest average water residence time. The lake has since become clean enough to allow sunlight to infiltrate its water and produce algae and sea weed, but a dead zone persists. The bay is subdivided into the Inner Bay and Outer Bay by a line . The nationally protected land sticks out 42 kilometers into Lake Erie, and it holds more endangered species per-capita than the rest of Canada. This distance across Lake Erie from Cleveland, Ohio to the Canadian shoreline is approximately 54 miles. The Miller Ferry from Catawba Island to Put-In-Bay and Middle Bass Island, the Kellys Island ferry from Marblehead to Kellys Island, and the Owen Sound Transportation Company from Leamington or Kingsville to Pelee Island and Sandusky. A large lowland basin formed over two million years ago as a result of an eastern flowing river that existed well before the Pleistocene ice ages. [31] Near Port Stanley, there is an Indigenous village dating from the 16th century known as the Southwold Earthworks where as many as 800 Neutral Indigenous peoples once lived; the archaeological remains include double earth walls winding around the grass-covered perimeter. Distance from Chicago to Cleveland However, plans to operate a ferryboat between the U.S. port of Erie and the Ontario port of Port Dover ran into a slew of political problems, including security restrictions on both sides as well as additional fees required to hire border inspectors. What is the distance across Lake Erie? [57] By the 1980s, there were about 130 fishing vessels with about 3,000 workers,[39] but commercial fishing was declining rapidly, particularly from the American side. Some introductions have been seen as beneficial such as the introduction of Pacific salmon. Port Dover has a beach, a pier and a lighthouse. Situated on the International Boundary between Canada and the United States, Lake Erie's northern shore is the Canadian province of Ontario, specifically the Ontario Peninsula, with the U.S. states of Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and New York on its western, southern, and eastern shores. [74] There have been two-year $2million studies trying to understand the "growing zone" which was described as a 10-foot-thick layer of cold water at the bottom, 55 feet (17m) in one area, which stretches 100 miles [160km] across the lake's center. Like the other Great Lakes, Erie produces lake-effect snow when the first cold winds of winter pass over the warm waters. Oklahoma and Pennsylvania Still, the commercial fishery is the target of critics who would like to see the lake managed for the exclusive benefit of sport fishing and the various industries serving the sport fishery. [65] In past years, lake ice was so thick that it was possible to drive over it or go sailing on iceboats. The combination of overfishing and the eutrophication of the lake by pollution caused the population to collapse, and in the mid-1980s, the blue walleye was declared extinct. [19] Long-distance swimmers have swum across the lake to set records; for example, a 15-year-old amputee swam the 12-mile (19km) stretch across the lake in 2001. Competition between commercial and sport fishermen: an ecological analysis. What is the shortest distance across Lake Erie from Canada to Ohio?. Since the 1970s environmental regulation has led to a great increase in water quality and the return of economically important fish species such as walleye and other biological life. [19] The 1972 Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement significantly reduced the dumping and runoff of phosphorus into the lake. [56] Sometimes poorly constructed sanitary systems meant that when old pipes broke, raw sewage would spill directly into the Cuyahoga River and into the lake. [32] Europeans named the tribe the Neutral Indians since these people refused to fight with other tribes. This conflict is complex, dating from the 1960s and earlier, with the result in the United States that, in 2011, commercial fishing was mostly eliminated from Great Lakes states. [124] The Canadian region of Lake Erie's north shore is becoming a more prominent wine region as well; it has been dubbed the Lake Erie North Shore, or LENS region, and includes Pelee Island,[125] and since it is farther north than comparable wine-growing areas in the world, the length of the days in the summer are longer. [14] As of the 2010s, much of the phosphorus in the lake comes from fertilizer applied to no-till soybean and corn fields but washed into streams by heavy rains. [28] Lake Erie is the shallowest of the Great Lakes because the ice was relatively thin and lacked erosion power when it reached that far south, according to one view. [90], In 1999, a local TV station's Doppler weather radar detected millions of mayflies heading for Presque Isle in blue and green splotches on the radar in clouds measuring ten miles (16km) long. Ontario's Southwest sent us a few photos of the north shore of our Great Lake. [49] In 2006, there were concerns of possible bird flu after two wild swans on the lake were found diseased, but it was learned that they did not contain the H5N1 virus. [128] Divers have a policy of not removing or touching anything at the wreck. . [17] The warm summer of 1999 caused lake temperatures to come close to the 85F (29C) limit necessary to keep the plants cool. [106] There was substantial evidence that the new controls had substantially reduced levels of DDT in the water by 1979. The British, allied with the Iroquois, developed trade along Lake Erie in the late 17th century. [87] At that time, satellite images depicted a bloom stretching up to 1,300 square kilometres (500sqmi) on Lake Erie, with the epicenter near Toledo, Ohio. Footage Shot on a Gopro hero 3+ Black. How far is jersey from Canada? [143], There have been unconfirmed reports of persons spotting a creature akin to the Loch Ness Monster, beginning in the 19th century and sometimes called "Bessie" or "South Bay Bessie". (Well, occasionally, on hot spring days a temperature inversion allows you to see a hazy image of land, 50 miles across the water.). You can do this! The compact was signed into law by President George W. Bush in September 2008. It has a surface area of 9,990 square miles (25,874km2)[7] with a length of 241 statute miles (388km; 209nmi)[7] and breadth of 57 statute miles (92km; 50nmi)[7] at its widest points. Entry into Canada: Canadian law requires that all persons entering Canada carry both proof of citizenship and proof of identity. The nationally protected land sticks out 42 kilometers into Lake Erie, and it holds more endangered species per-capita than the rest of Canada. How far apart are Chicago and Cleveland? According to one report, the Canadian town of Port Dover is the home of the lake's largest fishing fleet.[32]. Easily enter stops on a map or by uploading a file. Commercial landings are dominated by yellow perch and walleye, with substantial quantities of rainbow smelt and white bass also taken. Many people drive to other islands for dinner with friends. [20] Later, there was a battle on the ice with the Royal 32nd Regiment, with the rebels being driven to retreat.[20]. It had support from both political parties, including United States Senator George Voinovich of Ohio and Governor Jennifer Granholm of Michigan, but is not popular in the southwestern states because of frequent drought conditions and water scarcity. [32], Both the Erie and Neutrals were colonized and assimilated by their hostile eastern neighbors, the Iroquois Confederacy, between 1651 and 1657 during the Beaver Wars. Lake Erie (42.2 N, 81.2W) has a mean elevation of 571 feet (174m)[8] above sea level. As such, it's the start in many marathon swims across the lake. [61], The effects of the warmer lake water is reduced when the lake freezes over. Rising air cools and water vapor condenses into cloud droplets the efficiency of snow production increases when the wind pushes the clouds over land. [49] One report suggests the oxygen-poor zone began about 1993 in the lake's central basin and becomes more pronounced during summer months, but it is somewhat of a mystery why this happens. [133], There are numerous public parks around the lake. Generally there is heavy traffic on the lake except during the winter months from January through March when ice prevents vessels from traveling safely. Volume: 116 cubic mi 483 cubic km: Shoreline Length: 871 mi 1,402 km (including islands) Water Surface Area: 9,910 square mi 25,655 square km: Retention/Replacement Time: 2.7 years: [91] The insects mate over a 72-hour period from June through September; they fly in masses up to the shore, mate in the air, then females lay up to 8,000 eggs each over the water; the eggs sink back down and the cycle repeats. What metric unit to measure distance across Lake Erie? "I went out to the shore of the lake again and again, to try and see the other side, but I could see no hill, mountain, nor city of the asylum I sought," he once told an interviewer. The lake's drainage basin is 49,300 square miles (127,700 square km), exclusive of its surface area . The algal blooms result from growth of Microcystis, a toxic blue-green algae that the zebra mussels, which infest the lake, will not eat. 2,092 miles is the shortest distance from the East Coast to the West Coast. So make sure you click on the "Book" to see, Don't forget, "The Looper's Companion Guide" is a huge, For those with a very shallow draft (3-feet or less) there is a 'Big Bend route' that while it keeps you, Cruising the Tennessee River on America's Great Loop. There were reports of disasters usually from sea captains passing information to reporters; in 1868, the captain of the Grace Whitney saw a sunken vessel with "three men clinging to the masthead," but he could not help because of the gale and high seas.[44]. The main natural outflow from the lake is via the Niagara River, which provides hydroelectric power to Canada and the U.S. as it spins huge turbines near Niagara Falls at Lewiston, New York, and Queenston, Ontario. Storm-driven seiches can cause damage onshore. In Winter - We should all be on the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway and/or in Florida: Obviously, the most comfortable winter weather will be. It opened up the West to settlers and offered an inexpensive way to . In early August, the 2019 bloom was expected to measure 7.5 on the severity index, but could range between 6 and 9. [120] As a result, a fishing boat that crosses the international border triggers the security concerns of border crossings, and fishermen are advised to carry their passport. The lake can be thought of as a common asset with multiple purposes including being a fishery. [77] The shore of the lake is also host to invasive species of the Phragmites reed. "[23], Commercial fishing is now predominantly based in Canadian communities, with a much smaller fisherylargely restricted to yellow perchin Ohio. [32] In Ontario's Sand Hill Park, east of Port Burwell, there is a 450-foot (140m) high dune which people climb for picturesque views of the lake. The north coast of Ohio is widely referred to as its nursery capital. Distance was 53 miles one way. [38], During the Prohibition years from 1919 to 1933, a "great deal of alcohol crossed Erie"[20] along with "mobster corpses" dumped into the Detroit River which sometimes washed up on the beaches of Pelee Island. Generally, the lowest levels are in January and February and the highest in June or July, although there have been exceptions. [24] The lake's surface area is 9,910 square miles (25,667km2). [49] But winds can have a peaceful purpose as well; there have been proposals to place electricityproducing wind turbines in windy and shallow points in the lake and along the coast. 5,429-miles, 140-travel days, averaging 40-miles a day. Other major cities along the lake shore include Buffalo, New York; Erie, Pennsylvania; and Toledo, Ohio. [108] But there has been no substantial progress on this issue since 2007. [113] Because of these and other concerns, in 1990, the National Wildlife Federation was on the verge of having a "negative fish consumption advisory" for walleye and smallmouth bass, which had been the main catch of an $800million commercial fishing industry. [35] Lake Erie was the last of the Great Lakes to be explored by Europeans, since the Iroquois who occupied the Niagara River area were in conflict with the French, and they did not allow explorers or traders to pass through; explorers followed rivers out of Lake Ontario and portaged to Lake Huron. The important steel industry (notably, to the south at Pittsburgh and at Detroit) depends upon the movement of iron ore and limestone across the Great Lakes to Lake Erie ports (mostly to the Ohio ports of Cleveland, Ashtabula, and Conneaut). Due to the international boundary and the distance to Hudson Bay, the shortest distance to the Atlantic is through Minnesota to Lake Superior. [119], The lake supports a strong sport fishery. Many spots are accessible only by boat.. Port Stanley has a pier, shops, restaurants and a blue flag beach -- plus this very photogenic stretch of cottages. You could see directly across the lake from Cleveland to Ontario, Canada. [117] Cuts of 30 to 45 percent for certain fish were made in 2007. Attempts failed to stock coho salmon, and its numbers are dwindling. One report suggests that battling between diverse fishing interests began around Lake Michigan and evolved to cover the entire Great Lakes region. Community Rules apply to all content you upload or otherwise submit to this site. Lake Superior is 350 miles (563 km) long (east to west), and its greatest width is 160 miles (258 km) from north to south. [128] The cold conditions make diving difficult, requiring divers with skill and experience. The Port Burwell Provincial Park has 2.5 kilometers of beach. serving over 3800 destinations across North America, Mexico and Canada. [122] It is possible to fish off piers in winter for burbot; the burbot make a midwinter spawning run and is reportedly one of Erie's glacial relics. Use of and/or registration on any portion of this site constitutes acceptance of our User Agreement (updated 4/4/2023), Privacy Policy and Cookie Statement, and Your Privacy Choices and Rights (updated 1/26/2023). The grand jury indicted four corporations for polluting Lake Erie and waterways in northeast Ohio. To conclude, this chart clarifies why Michigan is truly the Great Lakes State with three times as much shoreline as the next state, Wisconsin. British authorities in Canada were nervous about possible expansion by American settlers across Lake Erie, so Colonel Thomas Talbot developed the Talbot Trail in 1809 as a way to stimulate settlement to the area; Talbot recruited settlers from Ireland and Scotland, and there are numerous places named after him in southern Ontario, such as Port Talbot, the Talbot River, and Talbotville. [23] One blamed the commercial fishing ban on a "test of wills" between commercial and recreational fishermen: "One side needed large hauls. In December 1970 a federal grand jury investigation led by U.S. Attorney Robert Jones began, of water pollution allegedly being caused by about 12 companies in northeastern Ohio. The interactions between new species can sometimes have beneficial effects, as well as harmful effects. However, there are reports that some Canadian commercial fishermen are dissatisfied with fishing quotas and have sued the government about this matter, and there have been complaints that the legislative body writing the quotas is dominated by the U.S. and that sport fishing interests are favored at the expense of commercial fishing interests. This baby is the connection between the Great Lakes and the Mississippi River, and the location of, The Illinois river's close proximity to the Chicago River and the man-made Chicago Ship Canal is why we have a Great Loop and not a, This leg of your journey is only 219 miles to Cairo at the junction of the Ohio River and the Lower Mississippi. What is the answer to today's cryptoquote in newsday? While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Associated Press CLEVELAND - Scientists say it's a mirage, but others swear that when the weather is right, Clevelanders can see across Lake Erie and spot Canadian trees and buildings 50. A balloonist named John Steiner of Philadelphia made an ambitious trip across the lake in 1857. Storms frequently cause short-period fluctuations in lake level that can amount to several feet at the ends of the lake. [49] Many lake residents take advantage of the ice and travel; some drive to Canada and back:[66]. Long Point is a sand spit and medium-sized hamlet on the north shore of Lake Erie, part of Norfolk County in the province of Ontario, Canada.. Growth of organisms in the lake is then spiked to the point that oxygen levels are depleted. Lake Erie has a lake retention time of 2.6 years,[23] the shortest of all the Great Lakes. Point Pelee National Park, the southernmost point of the Canadian mainland, is located on a peninsula extending into the lake. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/place/Lake-Erie, Lakepedia - Lake Erie: The Tenth Largest Freshwater Lake In The World, United States Environmental Protection Agency - Lake Erie, Lake Erie - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Lake Erie - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). Distances between ports Settlers established commercial fisheries on the north coast of the lake around the 1850s. [107] One estimate was that $5billion was spent to upgrade plants to treat sewage. What is the shortest distance across Lake Erie from Canada to Ohio? [40] Maritime traffic picked up, although the lake was usually closed because of ice from December to early April, and ships had to wait for the ice to clear before proceeding. [93] One account suggests that bird populations are in trouble, notably the wood warbler, which had population declines around 60% in 2008. There, the sandy dry lake bed soil was not sufficient to support large trees with the exception of a few species of oaks, forming a rare oak savanna. Junction Points These are positions where two or more routes converge; they are indicated by magenta CAPITAL LETTERS in the tables. The first ice usually forms in late November, and by January it locks into place. Up until the end of the 1950s, the most commonly caught commercial fish (more than 50% of the commercial catch) was a subspecies of the walleye known as the blue walleye (Sander vitreus glaucus) sometimes erroneously called "blue pike". [135] In southern Michigan, Sterling State Park has campgrounds, 1,300 acres (530ha) for hiking, biking, fishing, boating, with a sand beach for sunbathing, swimming, and picnicking. Lake Erie was carved out by glacier ice[6] and in its current form is less than 4,000 years old, which is a short span in geological terms. Navigation downstream is provided by the Welland Canal, part of the Saint Lawrence Seaway. The lake's drainage basin covers 78,062 square kilometers (excluding its surface area). [26] Meanwhile, at the western end of the lake, Toledo experienced a similar drop in water level. So what's on the other side? These trails became primitive roads which were eventually paved. Along the way, it ran through rural areas of Waterloo County, Brant County . Crossed from Cleveland to Erieau, Ontario. [81], Algae blooms continued in early 2013, but new farming techniques, climate change and even a change in Lake Erie's ecosystem make phosphorus pollution more intractable. He neared the Canada shore a little below Long Point he was accordingly driven towards Buffalo Night was drawing on and it became apparent that he could not, with this current, get away from the water before dark, and after nightfall it would not be safe to come down. "Not enough is being done to stop fertilizer and phosphorus from getting into the lake and causing blooms," he added. The park is renowned for biodiversity and birding, plus beaches. [79] A second report focuses on the zebra mussels as being the cause of dead zones since they filter so much sediment that this produces an overgrowth of algae. [131] There was speculation that the sunken vessel had been a gambling ship, and therefore there might have been money aboard, but most historians were skeptical. Among the diving community, they are considered world class, offering opportunities to visit an underwater museum that most people will never see. [84] By August 12, 2019, the bloom extended for roughly 50 kilometres (31mi). Take a look and do some sunshine dreaming, maybe even vacation planning. Erie is also the smallest lake by volume, with 480 cubic kilometers of water. [79] This problem was extreme in the mid and late 1960s, and the Lake Erie Wastewater Management Study conducted by the Buffalo District of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers determined that the eutrophication was caused by point sources such as industrial outfalls and municipal sanitary and storm sewer outfalls, as well as diffuse sources, such as overland runoff from farm and forest land. While commercial fishing declined, sport fishing has remained. The globs of oil, the multicolored industrial discharges, the flotsam from shoreline cities, the fecal and bacterial wastes are no longer dumped in the lakes in vast quantities. 3h 14min. The U.S. has just 125 miles more shoreline on the Great Lakes than Canada, however this is solely because of Lake Michigan, which is 1,600 miles of shoreline that Canada doesn't have. Opens Probe Here on Pollution" The Plain Dealer, Cleveland, Ohio, December 1970", "REF 52 U.S. Jury Indicts CEI on Ash Dumping in Lake" by Brian Williams, The Plain Dealer, Cleveland, Ohio, December 1970", "Press Conference Attorney General John Mitchell 12-18-1970", "REF 53 "Charges J&L With Pollution" (AP) The Plain Dealer, Cleveland, Ohio, December 31st, 1970", "Mystery lurks in Lake Erie: E. coli pollution has closed beaches the past two summers; experts can't determine where it comes from or how to stop it", Recovery of Lake Erie Walleye a Success Story, "Rep. Marcy Kaptur says Lake Erie has more native fish than all other Great Lakes combined", "Fishing: Meet the burbot: The freshwater cod are running, but night fishing at Lake Erie can be brutally cold", "Here's Proof Lake Erie's Alive And Well", "Mussel Mess A Heavy Burden For Lake Erie", "Legend of Lake Erie Monster Rises Again", "Lake Erie fishermen suing government over quotas", "Looking ahead to 2009 (and '10): New plan to stock trout in Erie steelhead streams", "Feeding Frenzy: Lake Erie Is Awash In Hungry Walleye", "Officials: 1 dead, 134 rescued from Lake Erie ice", "Well-trod Chautauqua-Lake Erie Wine Trail features explosion of wineries", "Sample Canada's finest wine by visiting its exquisite graperies", Lake County Ohio Business and Personal Directory, "Lake Erie shipwrecks, well-preserved by fresh water, are favorites among divers", "Archaeologists surveying Lake Erie floor for shipwrecks", "Lake Erie Journal; A Dive to Solve a Treasure Mystery", "Lake Erie Search Ends For Missing Fisherman", "Western Pa.
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