Sometimes, we may want to access an integral, average, maximum, or minimum over a source line, surface, or volume. Thanks in advance. Can you help me out? Schematic of a microfluidic mixer that depicts the repeated unit cell and the inlet and outlet zones. This applies a varying species concentration over the inlet boundary. This site is under development. Your internet explorer is in compatibility mode and may not be displaying the website correctly. But no possibility to define variables. The species concentration (shown in color) is solved in all three repeating domains. Next, well look at how to use a General Extrusion operator to specify implicit relations. General Extrusions is engaged in fabrication, anodizing, and powder coating, as well as aluminum finishing and machining. Thank you Walter for a wonderful discussion. Previously on the blog, we introduced you to Linear Extrusion operators and demonstrated their use in mapping variables between a source and a destination. The destination map here consists of the transient coordinates where we would like to evaluate temperature. The General Extrusion operator will map data from the boundary into the volume, along the z direction, as shown in the following screenshots. We can tag the different sides as 1 and 2, as illustrated in the figure below. Mapping of data defined on a boundary (left) along the direction normal to the plane and into a volume (right). Thus, two extrusion operators are required. In an upcoming blog post, we will walk you through how to use the operator to map cross-sectional data from one or several cross sections onto another cross section for geometries where the cross section dimensions do not change over the length of interest. Given an expression defined on a plane, e.g., the xy-plane, it is desired to map this data along the z direction. Submit feedback about this page or contact support here. In this example, since the x, y, and z-coordinates of the destination map are explicitly specified without any association with the coordinates of a geometric entity, it doesnt matter where we evaluate the General Extrusion coupling operator. Mapping of data defined on a boundary (left) along the direction normal to the plane and into a volume (right). -- point 2 there simply involves time varying coordinates of the focal point of the laser beam in the example model : http://www.comsol.com/model/laser-heating-of-a-silicon-wafer-13835. The same transforms can be implemented in three dimensions. Image by IX-factory STK Own work, via Wikimedia Commons. The same transforms can be implemented in three dimensions. FIGURE 1. In this example, one expression is sufficient enough to uniquely relate any destination point in the square domain to a source point on the parabolic curve. The extrusion operators constrain the normal displacement between the retaining wall and soil, forcing them to stay in contact. Extruding Data Along a Direction Therefore, only a single operator is needed to map the velocity field into all of the domains. Several cases are illustrated in the table below. The effect of the rotation of the wafer is modeled through a transport term in the governing heat transfer equation: The transport term in this equation, \bf{u}, is used to account for the rotation of the wafer, so it is not necessary to explicitly rotate the geometry. 3M dof and can be solved in 86s, when no gaps are present and we can rely on a conforming mesh). You can fix this by pressing 'F12' on your keyboard, Selecting 'Document Mode' and choosing 'standards' (or the latest version The Shockley diode equation for the current-voltage (I-V) relation is used at the junction. COMSOL Multiphysics filled in x and y in the first case and r and z in the second case. Alternatively, from the Extrude from list, select Work plane to extrude objects from a work plane. From the graph below, can you see why the plot of arcext(T) on the right shows a radial variation? Mapping of data defined on a cross section (left) around an axis of symmetry and into a volume (right). Posted 15 feb 2011, 11:18 GMT-5 Version 4.1 3 Replies . This graph shows the wall deflection or horizontal displacement as a function of depth for different excavation steps. The company produces standard and custom aluminum extrusions for manufacturers in the appliance, medical equipment, transportation, and automotive markets, among others. have some questions. The variable Disp is individually defined within each of the three domains, as shown in the figure below. Similarly, on side 2, we need access to the electric potential V_1 on the other side of the junction. Settings used to revolve data about the azimuthal axis of a cylindrical coordinate system. The temperature will vary linearly with x. To implement, define a General Extrusion operator on a boundary parallel to the xy-plane, with the z-expression blank for both the Source Map and a Destination Map. Hi Good luck Here, the p-n junction in a diode is represented by a thin gap in the geometry. We need to provide T_d and T_s, such that. A little calculus gives us the arc length of the parabola between the origin and the source point (x,y). For example, to map data from a boundary around a centerline, introduce a cylindrical system, and use those coordinate system variables to define the source and destination map. When this check box is left unchecked, COMSOL Multiphysics assumes that we have explicit expressions for each coordinate of the source as functions of coordinates of the destination. An initial stress is added to the model as well to simulate the in-situ stresses in the x, y, and z directions. One option is to use the General Extrusion coupling operator. En fournissant votre adresse email, vous acceptez de recevoir des emails de COMSOL AB et de ses filiales propos du Blog COMSOL, et acceptez que COMSOL traite vos informations conformment sa Politique de confidentialit. You can learn more about the use of projection operators in this previous blog post. Now we will use the operators in the physics nodes to implement the boundary conditions. I have only one small question, if you dont mind, you could maybe write the expressions of the variable disp. Given an expression defined on a plane, e.g., the xy-plane, it is desired to map this data along the z direction. Center: Temperature along the parabola. I would try to clarify further if necessary. Now that we have the solution on one unit cell, we can use the General Extrusion component coupling to map the solution from this one unit cell onto the repeated domains. In such cases, we can use projection, integration, average, maximum, or minimum component couplings. \frac{x_s}{2}\sqrt{1+4(\frac{x_s}{d})^2}+\frac{d}{4}\ln(2\frac{x_s}{d}+\sqrt{1+4(\frac{x_s}{d})^2}) = \sqrt{x_d^2+y_d^2}. In the course of building multiphysics models, we often encounter situations in which the solution to one physics is periodic or very nearly so while the solutions to other physics of interest are nonperiodic. A destination map and source map is specified here. These indices are, in a sense, coordinates of an intermediate mesh, and a General Extrusion operator matches source and destination points that have the same intermediate coordinates. Although it is not strictly necessary to do so, the mesh is copied from the one domain used to solve for the fluid flow to all of the other domains. As you can see, they are in the same location but are different boundaries. Note that while COMSOL employees may participate in the discussion forum, COMSOL software users who are on-subscription should submit their questions via the Support Center for a more comprehensive response from the Technical Support team. To add a General Extrusion operator, we go to Definitions > Component Couplings > General Extrusion. To add a General Extrusion operator, we go to Definitions > Component Couplings > General Extrusion. En fournissant votre adresse email, vous acceptez de recevoir des emails de COMSOL AB et de ses filiales propos du Blog COMSOL, et acceptez que COMSOL traite vos informations conformment sa Politique de confidentialit. Note that a Linear Extrusion operator cannot be used here. The settings for the General Extrusion operator and the definitions of the variable in the three domains. I believe so, you need to define how your "y" is reduced, that is is it simply dropped or do you integrate along y ? From such source-destination pairs, one can infer the general mapping from superposition. General Extrusions, Inc. produces aluminum extrusions in compliance with RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances) requirements. Add a distribution for the wall diaphragm and enter 60 for the number of elements. The General Extrusion operator will map data from the boundary into the volume, along the z direction, as shown in the following screenshots. Each side of the junction becomes a source entity in one of the extrusion operators, as depicted below. In fact, a shortcut can be made by using the expression genext2(V)-genext1(V) for the voltage difference, regardless of which side it is being applied. The parts can exist in geometries of different space dimensions. It is really a helpful example. Mapping of data defined on a boundary (left) along the direction normal to the plane and into a volume (right). From the Extrude from list, select Faces to extrude planar faces from the 3D geometry. Sample data defined on the xy-plane, centered at the origin. Note that for axisymmetric components, variables can be viewed in 3D with a Revolution 2D data set in the Results node. Once a strut is activated, it will generate a force proportional to the struts stiffness and the horizontal displacement. Please feel free to contact us if you have any questions! Considering a variable defined on the xy-plane within a unit square centered at the origin, as shown above, it is possible to implement a variety of transforms simply via different destination maps, and leaving the source map unchanged. Within their design, a common goal is to achieve optimal mixing within a small surface area, hence the serpentine channel. The focus of this blog post is on the transformation T : x_d \rightarrow x_s.. COMSOL Multiphysics offers two coupling operators to specify this mapping: Linear Extrusion operators and General Extrusion operators. Thus, every point in the original domain is mapped along the positive x-direction by the specified displacement. If we know this ahead of time, it is possible to exploit the periodicity to reduce computational requirements. Lets now explore how to use a General Extrusion operator to copy data from a 2D axisymmetric component to a 3D component, such that the source and destination points correspond to the same point in space. L=\frac{x_s}{2}\sqrt{1+4(\frac{x_s}{d})^2}+\frac{d}{4}\ln(2\frac{x_s}{d}+\sqrt{1+4(\frac{x_s}{d})^2}), we introduced you to Linear Extrusion operators, earlier blog post on Linear Extrusion operators, Using the General Extrusion Coupling Operator in COMSOL: Dynamic Probe, Using General Extrusion Operators to Model Rotation, Using General Extrusion Operators to Model Periodic Structures, Submodeling: How to Analyze Local Effects in Large Models, Postprocessing Local Data Using Component Coupling, Multiscale Modeling in High-Frequency Electromagnetics. For the 2D model, I have computed the expression u(x,y). Example 1 In our earlier blog post on Linear Extrusion operators, we considered an affine mapping that pairs up points 1, 4, and 2 in the source domain to points 1, 5, and 3 in the destination domain. Now, if desired, it is possible to model the entire device shown above. Mapping of data between different components in the model to perform submodeling, Mapping between components to extract results on different geometries. The second boundary load is added for the vertical retaining wall boundaries. General Extrusions, Inc. continues its tradition as a leading manufacturer of aluminum extrusions where quality always comes first. Also, are there other approaches to do this? The General Extrusion operator maps expressions defined on a source to an expression that can be evaluated on any destination geometry where the destination map expressions are valid. I have defined a general extrusion coupling operator to obtain the dependent variable (in my heat transfer case, the temperature "T") at a boundary. The upper layer soil, the lower layer soil, and the retaining wall. Today, we have discussed how to use General Extrusion operators to create mappings for copying variables from one part of a simulation domain to another. For this example, we will be modeling in 2D plane strain, using the solid mechanics interface and a stationary study. There are two ways to model an excavation in COMSOL Multiphysics, both of which include a parametric sweep. Settings used to revolve data about the azimuthal axis of a cylindrical coordinate system. This problem can be solved by using a General Extrusion coupling operator to dynamically map the solution at a particular point (moving or stationary) onto a fixed source. We can simply enter the time varying coordinates in the x, y, and z-expressions of the destination map. Example 1 In our earlier blog post on Linear Extrusion operators, we considered an affine mapping that pairs up points 1, 4, and 2 in the source domain to points 1, 5, and 3 in the destination domain. In this instance, that relationship is given by. This approach is also useful in other analyses including structural contact or surface-to-surface radiation in heat transfer. so we choose 0.6 to be on the safe side. This time in the x direction and using the second general extrusion operator in the u0 field. To implement, define a General Extrusion operator on a boundary parallel to the xy-plane, with the z-expression blank for both the Source Map and a Destination Map. So lets revisit the Advanced settings and switch back Mesh search method to Use Tolerance the defaults is 0.3 which we have seen to fail in this case we have to search across a 0.1m gap, and we have meshed with 0.2m mesh-elements, thus we need, tol=search_distance/element_size=0.1[m]/0.2[m]=0.5. Right-click study 1 to compute the model. Both source and destination are two-dimensional, as well as the intermediate mesh (srcdim = idim = dstdim). Your internet explorer is in compatibility mode and may not be displaying the website correctly. I wonder when will you post about Mapping Cross-Sectional Data? Online Support Center: https://www.comsol.com/support This applies a varying species concentration over the inlet boundary. Welcome to General Extrusions Inc. The top and bottom surfaces are thermally insulated, and there are no heat sources.
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