WebThe German nobility (German: deutscher Adel) was a class of persons which enjoyed certain privileges relative to other members of society under the laws and customs of The former ruling houses of these states were still considered Hochadel under laws adopted by the German Empire. Moreno was a significant surname in medieval Christian kingdoms of Spain. [9] As dependent parts of the surnames (nichtselbstndige Namensbestandteile), they are ignored in alphabetical sorting of names, as is any nobiliary particle, such as von or zu,[10] and might or might not be used by those bearing them. Contact the Profile Managers privately: Public Comments: Whereas the title previously prefixed the given and surname (e.g., Graf Kasimir von der Recke), the legal usage moves the former title to the surname (i.e., Kasimir Graf von der Recke). In the cases of the former kings/queens of Saxony and Wrttemberg, the ducal title borne by non-ruling cadets of their dynasties before 1919, or Herzog/Herzogin for the six deposed grand dukes (i.e., the former rulers of Baden, Hesse, Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Oldenburg, and Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach) and their consorts were retained. German nobility was not simply distinguished by noble ranks and titles, but was also seen as a distinctive ethos. These were the families of kings (Bavaria, Hanover, Prussia, Saxony, and Wrttemberg), grand dukes (Baden, Hesse and by Rhine, Luxembourg, Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Oldenburg and Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach), reigning dukes (Anhalt, Brunswick, Schleswig-Holstein, Nassau, Saxe-Altenburg, Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Saxe-Meiningen), and reigning princes (Hohenzollern-Hechingen, Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, Liechtenstein, Lippe, Reuss, Schaumburg-Lippe, Schwarzburg, and Waldeck-Pyrmont). and there were a lot of family stories about goings on at Windsor Palace (Castle). Neues allgemeines Deutsches Adels-Lexicon or New General German Aristocracy Lexicon is the title of a series of historical reference books written by Professor Dr. Ernst Heinrich Kneschke about the German aristocracy, including royalty and nobility. Carnell - English origin. When a person is granted a dispensation by the Adelsrechtsausschuss, he becomes the progenitor of a new noble family, which consists of all of his legitimate male-line descendants in accordance with nobiliary law. The following sources are of particular interest in Germany: The FamilySearch Library has collected many armorial and heraldry books. All structured data from the file namespace is available under the. The high nobility included those counts who ruled immediate imperial territories of "princely size and importance" for which they had a seat and vote in the Imperial Diet. Historically, German entities that recognized or conferred nobility included the Holy Roman Empire (9621806), the German Confederation (18141866) and the German Empire (18711918). The exiled heirs to Hanover and Nassau eventually regained sovereignty by being allowed to inherit, respectively, the crowns of Brunswick (1914) and Luxembourg (1890). A noble or noble-sounding surname does not convey nobility to those not born legitimately of a noble father, and these persons are not allowed to join a nobility association. 6. Later developments distinguished the Austrian nobility, which came to be associated with the Austrian Empire and Austria-Hungary. A comprehensive index of four published serials on German nobility is found on pages 187 to 349. Today, German nobility is no longer conferred by the Federal Republic of Germany (1949present), and constitutionally the descendants of German noble families do not enjoy legal privileges. 2. The list is an alphabetical overview of Bavarian nobility. Article 109 of the Weimar Constitution constitutes: Learn how and when to remove this template message, WorldStatesmen: see every modern state; here Germany/Holy Roman Empire, "Evolution of the Council of Princes from 1582 to 1803", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Graf&oldid=1137724259, Articles needing additional references from June 2018, All articles needing additional references, Articles containing Middle High German (ca. German titles of nobility were usually inherited by all male-line descendants, although some descended by male primogeniture, especially in 19th and 20th century Prussia (e.g., Otto von Bismarck, born a baronial Junker (not a title), was granted the title of count (Graf) extending to all his male-line descendants, and later that of prince (Frst) in primogeniture). They bore the title "margrave" until the few who survived as sovereigns assumed higher titles when the Empire was abolished in 1806. Some are approximately of comital rank, some higher, some lower. Hochadel ("upper nobility", or "high nobility") were those noble houses which ruled sovereign states within the Holy Roman Empire and, later, in the German Confederation and the German Empire. You can try our Family Coat of Arms Search page which would However, dispensations are granted only in the most exceptional cases, as they infringe on the rights of a theoretical future monarch. This page was last edited on 17 March 2023, at 17:20. Usually a hyphenated suffix indicated which of the familial lands a particular line of counts held, e.g. Most were untitled, only making use of the particle von in their surnames. These grants were documented. Members of this class had titles such as Baron [Freiherr], Duke [Herzog], Count [Graf], Margrave [Markgraf], and Knight (Sir) [Ritter]. Virgin IslandsU.S. [citation needed], A complete list of Reichsgrafen with immediate territories as of 1792 can be found in the List of Reichstag participants (1792). In a similar way, the prefix Zu in a German surname can also be an indication of nobility. IMPORTANT PRIVACY NOTICE & DISCLAIMER: YOU HAVE A RESPONSIBILITY TO USE CAUTION WHEN DISTRIBUTING PRIVATE INFORMATION. 1. Although lacking the prestige and powers of the former Imperial counts, they remained legal members of the local nobility, entitled to whatever minor privileges were recognised at the ruler's court. , and suggests a noble family being resident at a particular place, usually a country estate, family seat or inherited region. The only difference to normal surnames is that noble surnames are deflected according to gender. Illegitimate children of nobility, though not entitled to noble status, were often recorded (although the father may not have been named) and can be found in the records. [citation needed], However, the Holy Roman Emperors also occasionally granted the title of Reichsgraf to subjects and foreigners who did not possess and were not granted immediate territories or, sometimes, any territory at all. Except in the Kingdom of Prussia from the 19th century, the title of Graf was not restricted by primogeniture: it was inherited by all legitimate descendants in the male line of the original titleholder, the males also inheriting an approximately equal share of the family's wealth and estates. In Germany, all legal privileges of the nobility have been officially abolished since August 1919, and Graf, like any other hereditary title, is treated as part of the legal surname. Although as a title Graf ranked, officially, below those of Herzog (duke) and Frst (prince), the Holy Roman Emperor could and did recognise unique concessions of authority or rank to some of these nobles, raising them to the status of gefrsteter Graf or "princely count". In August 1919, at the beginning of the Weimar Republic (19191933), Germany's new constitution officially abolished royalty and nobility, and the respective legal privileges and immunities appertaining to an individual, a family or any heirs. Login to post. The word Graf derives from Middle High German: grave, which is usually derived from Latin: graphio. WebGraf (feminine: Grfin) is a historical title of the German nobility, usually translated as "count".Considered to be intermediate among noble ranks, the title is often treated as The more important ones are treated in separate articles (follow the links); a few minor, rarer ones only in sections below. A Burggraf, or Burgrave, was a 12th- and 13th-century military and civil judicial governor of a castle (compare castellan, custos, keeper) of the town it dominated and of its immediate surrounding countryside. Select titleFrench Feudal Barony (from 7000)French Viscount (from 9000)French Count (from 10000)French-Germanic Feudal Barony (from 12000)French Marquisate (from 12000)Italian Feudal Barony (from 7000)Italian Marquisate (from 12000)Italian Duchy (from 15000)Italian Principality (from 20000)German Lordship (from 3900)German Viscount (from 4900)German Barony (from 7000)German Count (from 9000)German Duchy (from 18000)German Principality (from 30000)Italian Lordship (from 2900)French Lordship (from 2900), Country (required) A Landgraf or Landgrave was a nobleman of comital rank in feudal Germany whose jurisdiction stretched over a territory larger than usually held by a count within the Holy Roman Empire. Graphio is in turn thought to come from the Byzantine title grapheus, which ultimately derives from the Greek verb (graphein) 'to write'. Castell-Rudenhausen. Fritsch, Thomas, Freiherr von. Catholic nobility played a major role in the new Centre party, while Protestant nobles were especially active in the Conservative party.[2]. The Zu prefix suggests that a family is still resident at a particular estate or region, as opposed to having simply descended from that place. Today, having lost their legal status, these terms are often not translated, unlike before 1919. In 1919, nobiliary particles and titles became part of the surname. In German, the word von is used to reflect where a person is from similar to of in English, de in French and di in Italian. Quick links Napoleonic Wars Team Page .French_Revolutionary_Wars_Timeline_-_1792 List of German Monarchs , The German nobility (German: deutscher Adel) was a class of persons which enjoyed certain privileges relative to other members of society under the laws and customs of various regimes of what is now Germany until 1919. WebGerman (also Nbel): in some cases a habitational name from a place so named (Polish Niegowo) near Gdask in Pomeranian Voivodeship Poland. This page was last edited on 29 December 2022, at 15:19. Bardin - German origin. Examples: Landgrave of Thuringia, Landgrave of Hesse, Landgrave of Leuchtenberg, Landgrave of Frstenberg-Weitra. St. Erasmus Waldkraiburg. In Germany mainly the noble class, gentry, and some burghers (city residents with citizenship rights) were entitled to bear coats-of-arms. The German nobility was gradually divided into high and low nobility. In a similar way, the prefix Zu in a German surname can also be an indication of nobility. Ostlichter LTA Nobility that held legal privileges until 1918 greater than those enjoyed by commoners, but less than those enjoyed by the Hochadel, were considered part of the lower nobility or Niederer Adel. Noblewomen who marry commoners lose their nobility and become commoners themselves, and nobility is only recovered if they remarry a nobleman. See the Genealogy and Nobility sections. Like many of their European neighbours, the nobility of Germany adopted the custom of using the name of their estate or region as their surname or integrating it into their given family name. In Austria, by contrast, not only were the privileges of the nobility abolished, but their titles and nobiliary particles as well.[b]. 1. Various organisations[citation needed] perpetuate the historical legacy of the former nobility, documenting genealogy, chronicling the history of noble families and sometimes declining to acknowledge persons who acquired noble surnames in ways impossible before 1919. (For a modern example, think of the Earl. Although most German counts belonged officially to the lower nobility, those who were mediatised belonged to the Hochadel, the heads of their families being entitled to be addressed as Erlaucht ("Illustrious Highness"), rather than simply as Hochgeboren ("High-born"). Most, but not all, surnames of the German nobility were preceded by or contained the preposition von (meaning "of") or zu (meaning "at") as a nobiliary particle. [citation needed]. Means "young warrior." Noble status was usually inherited. . Cohen - From the Hebrew word kohen, meaning "priest." The nobility system of the German Empire was similar to nobility in the Austrian Empire; both developed during the Holy Roman Empire and both ended in 1919 when they were abolished, and legal status and privileges were revoked. [10] Particularly between the late 18th and early 20th century when an increasing number of unlanded commoners were ennobled, the "von" was typically simply put in front of a person's surname. Categories: Germany Genealogy Resources | German Nobility | European Nobility | Royalty, WIKITREE HOME | ABOUT | G2G FORUM | HELP | SEARCH. They were royalty; the heads of these families were entitled to be addressed by some form of "Majesty" or "Highness". WebThis page uses content from the English language Wikipedia.The original content was at Category:German_noble_families.The list of authors can be seen in the page history.As ), Horst Appuhn (ed. Speaking with a financial advisor could help. Gordon is a masculine given name in the English language. The name is derived from the Scottish surname Gordon. It is uncertain if this surname originated from a place name in Scotland or in France. This so-called "Non-Objection" (Nichtbeanstandung) results in the factual ennoblement of the recipient (even though the term is not applied), making Germany one of the few republics where it is still possible for non-nobles to join the ranks of the nobility even though there is no monarch who can ennoble anymore. Allen Allen is a boy name having Gaelic origins. So, in terms of German surnames, the appearance of Von in a name can often indicate that the bearer is of noble origin. $0.00+ Sweet and tart, with pineapple, mango, Jewish surnames are thought to be of comparatively recent origin; the first known Jewish family names date to the Middle Ages, in the 10th and 11th centuries CE. (FS Library book 943D22h; film 491,136 online. The distinguishing main surname is the name following the Graf, or Grfin, and the nobiliary particle if any. 16 Two Brothers Astro Fizz. get in touch using the enquiry form in the sidebar, contact our Geneva office directly between 10.00-19.00, Monday to Friday on, I consent to my data being stored in line with your, Bundesarchiv, B 145 Bild-F026160-0002A / Grfingholt, Detlef / CC-BY-SA 3.0. The comital title of Graf is common to various European territories where German was or is the official or vernacular tongue, including Austria, Germany, Switzerland, Luxembourg, Liechtenstein, Alsace, the Baltic states and other former Habsburg crown lands. [9] The two were occasionally combined into von und zu (meaning "of and at"). Pages 350 to 415 index six other published serials on German nobility. [6], All other former titles and nobiliary particles are now inherited as part of the surname, and remain protected as private names under the laws. Jews have some of the largest varieties of surnames among any ethnic group, owing to the geographically Geneva, 1204 They acquired not only the technical skills but the necessary education in high prestige German universities that facilitated their success. Meaning "noble." WebGerman Bohemian noble families (17 C, 8 P) A Abercron family (2 P) House of Absberg (5 P) House of Alvensleben (14 P) Amsberg (12 P) House of Andechs (1 C, 18 P) House of Arco (8 P) Arnim family (26 P) House of Ascania (5 C, 198 P) House of Augustenburg Heraldry is the design, use, regulation, and recording of coats-of-arms. The Muhlenberg family created a United States political, religious, and military dynasty based in the state of Pennsylvania. The German American family descends from Heinrich Melchior Mhlenberg / Henry Muhlenberg (17111787), a German immigrant, noted Lutheran minister, and founder of the Lutheran Church in America. This page has been viewed 52,830 times (0 via redirect). Examples: Margrave of Baden, Margrave of Brandenburg-Bayreuth. The status of a landgrave was elevated, usually being associated with suzerains who were subject to the Holy Roman Emperor but exercised sovereign authority within their lands and independence greater than the prerogatives to which a simple Graf was entitled, but the title itself implied no specific, legal privileges. The nobility is a class of people who had special political and social status. I have most of these German nobility in my ancestry but not on WikiTree because I can't manage how to go that far back. Members of the noble class seldom left their country or disowned their children. Former hereditary titles are permitted as part of the surname (e.g., the aristocratic particles von and zu), and these surnames can then be inherited by a person's children. Goldberg - Goldberg is a surname of German/Yiddish origin meaning "mountain of gold." Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Whether Mitzi preferred to play down any noble lineage during the politically fractious period of the mid-20th century, or she simply adopted a more Americanised name to appease Hollywood filmmakers, she opted to be known by a name that didnt reflect or reveal the Von aspect of her surname. Nobility that held legal privileges until 1918 greater than those enjoyed by commoners, but less than those enjoyed by the Hochadel, were considered part of the lower nobility or Niederer Adel. Mitzis real name and full title is Francesca Marlene de Czanyi von Gerber. Membership in organizations traditionally considered noble, such as certain chivalric orders. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. This page was last edited on 5 April 2022, at 14:10. Nonetheless, various rulers in German-speaking lands granted the hereditary title of Graf to their subjects, particularly after the abolition of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806. A collection of articles, manuscripts, pamphlets, pedigrees and notes about individuals sorted alphabetically by surname can be found in Fhrende Persnlichkeiten (Leading personalities). Regensburg, Germany: Georg Joseph Mainz, 1860-1866. FS Library Collection. WebA famous bearer of this surname was the German composer Johannes Brahms (1833-1897). An armorial is a collection of descriptions of coats-of-arms and the families that bear them. In regions of Europe where nobles did not actually exercise Landeshoheit over the populace, the Graf long retained specific feudal privileges over the land and in the villages in his county, such as rights to peasant service, to periodic fees for use of common infrastructure such as timber, mills, wells and pastures. 308, Augsburg 1515 - 1650, Wappenbuch des churbayrischen Adels (Copie eines Originals von 1560), Vol. It also briefly describes the family's entitlement to that coat-of-arms. Means "battle ax." In Switzerland, the title is not acknowledged in law. Means "mighty like a bear." The compiled sources for German nobility include both published and manuscript genealogies. Information on these families constituted the second section of Justus Perthes entries on reigning, princely, and ducal families in the Almanach de Gotha. Governments which recognised or conferred nobility were the Holy Roman Empire (962-1806), the German Confederation (1814-1866) and the German Empire (1871-1918). This is similar to the practice of shortening a noble title to merge with the surname that was a popular practice towards the latter days of the aristocracy. Wilder. Bakker947, Welcome to the List of German Nobility and Aristocracy Page, Last Grand Dukes, Dukes and Princes - 1918, French_Revolutionary_Wars_Timeline_-_1792, Grand Duke Friedrich Franz IV of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Grand Duke Friedrich August II of Oldenburg, Grand Duke Wilhelm Ernest of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, Duke Charles Edward of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Prince Gnther Victor of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt and Schwarzburg-Sondershausen, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_German_monarchs_in_1918. 41. Bundesarchiv, B 145 Bild-F026160-0002A / Grfingholt, Detlef / CC-BY-SA 3.0, CC BY-SA 3.0 DE, via Wikimedia Commons.
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