[6] After her mother moved out, she began taking daily one-hour lessons from her father. Perhaps more than any other single individual, keyboard performer Wanda Landowska (18791959) was responsible for the revival of the, Schumacher, Thomas 1958(? One of her students, Mathilde Verne, carried her teaching to England where she taught, among others, Solomon. The music by Brahms was not intended to be published, but for her alone. She premiered many of his works, from solo piano works to her own piano versions of his orchestral works. Clara Schumann was the leading woman pianist of her age and was acknowledged as the peer of Liszt, Thalberg, and Anton Rubinstein. [103], Two more recent German films are Frhlingssinfonie (Spring Symphony) (1983), starring Nastassja Kinski as Clara,[104] and the 2008 Helma Sanders-Brahms' film Geliebte Clara (Beloved Clara), where she is portrayed by Martina Gedeck. 5 4 Pices caractristiques in 1836, all piano pieces for her recitals. Dubal, David. Her Op. Corrections? Her husband was permanently institutionalized after a mental collapse. [11] Not only did her husband predecease her, but so did four of their children. Five-year-old Clara remained with her father while Mariane and Bargiel eventually moved to Berlin, limiting contact between Clara and her mother to written letters and occasional visits. 1854). Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. 69, no. Clara Schumann ne Clara Wieck (1819 - 1896) was a German composer-pianist and wife to Robert Schumann. [31] She trained only advanced pupils, mostly young women, while her two daughters gave lessons to beginners. Two centuries after her birth, the composer, critic, impresario, pianist, celebrity, mother and Robert Schumann's wife and not necessarily in that order is . [20] Brahms composed some private piano pieces for her to console her: four piano pieces and a set of variations on a theme by Robert Schumann that she had also written variations on a year earlier, as her Op. Trans. [56] Their daughter Julie died in 1872, leaving two small children aged only 2 and 7, then raised by their grandmother. She was also instrumental in changing the kind of program expected of concert pianists. In July, she consulted a doctor, who having massaged the arm, advised her to practice for only one hour a day. He appeared to recognize her, but could only speak a few words. Watch on. The court finally sanctioned the marriage on August 1 of that year, and the couple married on September 12, the day before the bride's 21st birthday. [8], She often took charge of finances and general household affairs. They included subjects such as piano, violin, singing, theory, harmony, composition, and counterpoint. She started receiving basic piano instruction from her mother at the age of four. Marianne was permitted to keep her young daughter with her until Clara's fifth birthday, when she was required by law to return her to her father. Clara Schumann, born Clara Wieck in Leipzig in 1819, was a piano prodigy who made her public debut aged 11. Clara had three brothers and a half-sister, Marie. As her siblings she grew up in various boarding schools at different . During that tour, the violinist Niccol Paganini, who was also in Paris, offered to appear with her. [6] Her chamber works include the Piano Trio in G minor, Op. [37] Still, she returned to London the following year and continued to perform in Britain for the next 15 years. Although Schumann remained close to her mother, her father was the dominant figure in her life. [16] Friedrich was strongly opposed to the marriage, and refused his permission. Marie never left her mother. [49][50] She had chosen Frankfurt among offers from Stuttgart, Hannover, and Berlin, because the director, Joachim Raff, had accepted her conditions: she could not teach more than 1-1/2 hours per day, was free to teach at her home, and had four months of vacation and time off for short tours in winter. [40] Schumann also spent many years in London participating in the Popular Concerts with Joachim and the celebrated Italian cellist Carlo Alfredo Piatti. (Getty)To Friedrich's horror, Clara fell in love with Robert, nine years her senior. In, Gates, Eugene. Clara Schumann gladly gave her lessons when she was staying in London or Clementine was on holiday in Baden-Baden. 22", "Clara Schumann, ne Wieck (18191896), wife", "Mariane Wieck-Bargiel, ne Tromlitz (17971872), mother of Clara Schumann", "Five forgotten female composers will be celebrated on BBC Radio 3", "Piano Concerto in A Minor, Op. Colored wood engraving from 1880 . [100], She was also instrumental in getting the works of Robert Schumann recognized, appreciated and added to the repertoire. Die von uns eingesetzten und einsetzbaren Cookies stellen wir Ihnen unter dem Link Cookie-Einstellungen in derDatenschutzerklrungvor. Trumerei (Dreaming), the oldest known Schumann film, premiered on 3 May 1944 in Zwickau. I had of course heard of Clara Schumann - the 19th-century German pianist and composer - but, like many people, simply saw her as the wife of Robert Schumann. On the other hand, for more than a year, Clara . It demonstrates her loyal love for her husband, with a desire to combine two lives into one artistically, although this life-long goal involved risks. First editions and early prints (Brahms Institute in Lbeck), Clara Wiecks Journey with her father in Fictionalised Biographies, Schumann as accompanist. While taking lessons, he rented a room in the Wieck household and stayed about a year. In addition, her mother was a singer. They formed a beautiful musical business partnership until his untimely death. II. On stage, she became a towering figure in the musical world, introducing some of the finest works of her day while also shaping what is now recognized as the standard piano repertoire; off stage, her teaching influenced generations of young performers. [51], Robert Schumann gave his wife a diary on their wedding day. Most online reference entries and articles do not have page numbers. Discover Clara Schumann's Biography, Age, Height, Physical Stats, Dating/Affairs, Family and career updates. Economies of time and money may have been behind some of Clara Schumann's most lasting innovations in the concert hall. There were also times, however, when she performed with some of Europe's great orchestras, and she also enjoyed playing with chamber groups and for sonata and lieder recitals. . She held Anton Bruckner's Seventh Symphony in very low esteem and wrote to Brahms, describing it as "a horrible piece". The lawsuit opened in July 1839. [102], In 1954, Loretta Young portrayed her on The Loretta Young Show in Season 1, Episode 26: The Clara Schumann Story (first aired on 21 March 1954), in which she supports the composing career of her husband, played by George Nader, alongside Shelley Fabares and Carleton G. Edited by Aaron I. Cohen. [39] St. James's Hall in London, which opened in 1858, hosted a series of "Popular Concerts" of chamber music. ], Wieck, Gustav Robert Anton (18231884), brotherFriedrich Wieck also cared relatively little about Gustav, since his primary focus was on training his daughter Clara so that she would become a virtuoso. Romantic Visions of a Classical Masterpiece. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Clara-Schumann. But Wieck also believed in addressing the needs of the whole pupil, and saw to it that she took long daily walks in the fresh air. [29] Robert published an article highly lauding Brahms, and Clara wrote in the diary that Brahms "seemed as if sent straight from God". Finding an orchestra, another of the tasks required of a performer, sometimes proved daunting, so she dispensed with the custom. Still, the two siblings reconciled shortly before Alwins death, to Claras great relief.Clara herself promoted Alwin, inter alia, at the piano manufacturing company Grotrian-Steinweg in Braunschweig so that he would receive a price reduction when he bought a new grand piano; she sometimes also spent the summer holidays with him, including the last summer before his death. After that, he worked as a music teacher in Berlin and, thanks to the influence of his famous half-sister and his brother-in-law, was able to publish several compositions. During their 14-year marriage, while she managed to perform on innumerable concert stages, he was composing some of the world's most beautiful music. [32] Their relationship has been interpreted as somewhere between friendship and love,[33] and Brahms always maintained the utmost respect for her, as a woman and a talented musician. Beginning in 1878, she was an influential piano educator at Dr. Hoch's Konservatorium in Frankfurt, where she attracted international students. [89] Clara, in contrast, came to believe that the personality of the musician should be suppressed so that the composer's vision would be clearly evident to listeners. Clara Schumann: A Dedicated Spirit. Clara was a child prodigy, and was trained by her father. Voreingestellt werden nur zulssige Cookies, fr die wir keine Einwilligung bentigen. "Clara Schumann," in Masters of the Keyboard. Clara Josephine Schumann ([klaa uman]; ne Wieck; 13 September 1819 20 May 1896) was a German pianist, composer, and piano teacher. How many siblings did Clara Schumann have? Marriage Diaries of Robert and Clara Schumann. [6][9] The same year, she performed at the Leipzig home of Ernst Carus, director of the mental hospital at Colditz Castle. Brahms dedicated the variations to both Schumanns, hoping that Robert would be released soon and rejoined with his family. The best known woman composer of her time period and the first in the United States, Amy Beach (1867-1944) did not just create sm, Landowska, Wanda Four months after her . John Haag , Associate Professor of History, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia. She edited the publication of her husband's work. Several films have focused on Schumann's life, the earliest being Trumerei (Dreaming) of 1944. NY: Books and Music USA, pp. The great hall of the conservatory's new building is named after her. [66] Following the advice of Brahms she performed Mozart's Piano Concerto in C minor at the Hanoverian court[14] and in Leipzig. Mr. Wieck was a piano teacher of high repute. Clara Schumann was born in Leipzig, Germany. By that time, Schumann was an acknowledged child prodigy, who had played for Paganini and Goethe. [72] Five years later, however, when she was 34 in 1853, the year she met Brahms, she engaged in a flurry of composing, resulting in 16 pieces that year: a set of piano variations on an "Album Leaf" of her husband (his Op. [47] Later that year she played Beethoven's Fourth Piano Concerto (with her own cadenzas) with Joachim conducting the same orchestra, again to great acclaim. 2nd ed. B. Zerbini usually played on the same concert programs. That she was probably a little jealous of Clara can be gleaned from her memoirs Aus dem Kreise Wieck-Schumann [From the Circle of the Wiecks and the Schumanns].Wieck, Ccilie (18341893), half-sisterClaras second half-sister from the marriage of Friedrich Wieck and Clementine Fechner was mentally ill from the age of 16. Several of the proponents and signers of the manifesto, including Joachim, relented and joined the "other side". She gave her last concerts in Dresden at the age of 84 in December 1914 and January 1915. She died quickly and unexpectedly whilst on holiday, in the presence of her mother and all siblings, at the age of only 33. Kammervirtuosin), generally reserved for established performers, in Vienna (1837); after marriage to Robert Schumann and despite the births of eight children, traveled to Russia, Denmark, France, and England to perform the music of Liszt, Rubinstein, Chopin, Schumann, and Brahms; appointed principal piano teacher at the Hoch Conservatory in Frankfurt (1878); made last public appearance (1891). [63] Over 1,300 concert programs from her performances throughout Europe between 1831 through 1889 have been preserved. [6], In the early 1840s the Schumanns were interested in the works of Franz Liszt and his young composer friends of what eventually became known as the New German School,[76] but in the second half of the decade they both became openly hostile toward Liszt[77] because of their more musically conservative outlook and beliefs,[78] Clara more so than Robert, as she had long been the more conservative aesthete in the Schumann marriage. Marie and Elise took over many household and musical tasks; Julie married at 23 and died of tuberculosis at 27, but Elise did not leave home for marriage until she was 34, and Eugenie remained until 40. "[47], She played her last public concert in Frankfurt on 12 March 1891. From her first public performance in 1828 until her 60th-year jubilee in 1888, Schumann's artistry continued to grow. Her father was a piano teacher and taught Clara to play piano. Leonard Borwick, Nathalie Janotha , Ilona Eibenschtz , and Adelina de Lara. Professionally, however, her life was complicated by the fact that concert managers and agents did not exist in the mid-19th century. [49] Her fame attracted students from abroad, including Britain and the United States. These works were published a year later, after Robert's confinement, as her Op. [6][74], Most of Clara Schumann's music was never played by anyone else and largely forgotten until a resurgence of interest in the 1970s. [98][99], Schumann influenced pianists through her teaching, which emphasized expression and a singing tone, with technique subordinated to the intentions of the composer. 8195. This was also the year that Robert first kissed her. Ccilie was always so nice to me, so attentive, although she is already so old and actually in need of care. Clara Schumann gave her last performance as a pianist in 1891 when she was 71, crowning a performing career that had lasted more than 60 years. Marie was thrust into the role of replacement mother to her siblings, a role she'd fulfill for the rest of her life. Gustav became an instrument maker and went to Vienna in 1838, where Schumann frequently spent time with him during his prolonged stay.In 1845, Gustav was staying in Weimar, but later lived again in Vienna permanently, where he also died.Wieck, Victor (1824/1827), brother. The family, including Clara Schumann, was profoundly shocked by her death. Clara was the youngest of four siblings. In the last year of her life, she left several sketches for piano preludes, designed for piano students, as well as some published cadenzas for her performances of Beethoven and Mozart piano concertos. . [84], The opposing side of this "War of the Romantics", a group of radical progressives in music (most of them from Weimar) led by Liszt and Richard Wagner, desired to escape composing under the shadow of Beethoven, but to transcend the old forms and ideas of what music had been and instead create what music should be for the future. May, Florence. She exerted her influence over a 61-year concert career, changing the format and repertoire of the piano recital and the tastes of the listening public. Lied and lied interpretation, Scientific articles, Schumann Journal 1-10, Appreciations in the Schumann Journal 1-10, Conference Reports (Schumann Journal 1-10), Reviews published in the Schumann Journal 1-10, 200th anniversary of Robert Schumanns birth in 2010, 200th anniversary of Clara Schumanns birth in 2019. She made tours of northern Germany in 1835, at age 16, and Leipzig also had an exceptional musical season that year, with visits by both Mendelssohn and Chopin. When we said goodbye, my thoughts were whether we would ever see each other again. [11] She also complained that Wagner had spoken of her husband, Mendelssohn, and Brahms in a "scornful" way. When she was 15, Robert was briefly engaged to another of Wieck's pupils, Ernestine von Fricken , but this relationship was soon broken off. Now my request is that you should do the same, so that we may see and meet each other in spirit. Clara Schumann, ne Clara Josephine Wieck, (born Sept. 13, 1819, Leipzig, Saxony [Germany]died May 20, 1896, Frankfurt am Main, Ger. Encouraged by her father, she studied piano from the age of five and by 1835 had established a reputation throughout Europe as a child prodigy. In addition to solo piano recitals, chamber music, and accompanying singers, she continued to perform frequently with orchestras. Clara Schumann, ne Clara Josephine Wieck, (born Sept. 13, 1819, Leipzig, Saxony [Germany]died May 20, 1896, Frankfurt am Main, Ger. 1 was Quatre Polonaises pour le pianoforte composed in 1831, and Op. She had never intended to give up her performing career, but travel now meant finding care for the young children, as Robert, who hated being separated from his wife, traveled with her. Clara was 35, Brahms 21, she famous, he rather more infamous. In her later career, she frequently accompanied lieder singers in recitals. During her lifetime, Schumann was an internationally renowned concert pianist. Sie knnen auch verwendet werden, um ein besseres Kundenerlebnis auf dieser Website zu bieten, z. [67] Her busiest years as a performer were between 1856 and 1873, after her husband's death. Robert then asked her father for her hand in marriage. Young. . Since Robert could not support his large family by composing, Clara performed to help meet their expenses. By. "Clara Schumann," in Women Making Music: The Western Art Tradition, 11501950. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. "Clara Schumann: New Cadenzas for Mozart's Piano Concerto in D Minor. In 1877, she performed Beethoven's Fifth Piano Concerto in Berlin, with Woldemar Bargiel conducting, her half-brother by her mother's second marriage, and had tremendous success. September 13, 2021. 99 No. She married the composer Robert Schumann, and the couple had eight children. 1843); Julie (b. "Schumann, Clara (18191896) [105], An image of Clara Schumann from an 1835 lithograph by Andreas Staub was featured on the 100 Deutsche Mark banknote from 2 January 1989 until the adoption of the euro on 1 January 2002. She produced one to eight compositions every year beginning at age 11, until her output stopped in 1848, producing only a choral work that year for her husband's birthday and leaving her second piano concerto unfinished. Vol. 2019Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved. Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. Clara Wieck (pronounced 'KLAH-rah VEEK') was born in Germany in 1819. Under these conditions, she played over 1,300 public programs in England and Europe throughout her long career. Robert and Clara decided to go to court and sue him. Summary Transcript. [64] She championed the works of her husband and other contemporaries such as Brahms, Chopin and Mendelssohn.[64]. His oeuvre is slim; he wrote orchestral works, chamber music, including three piano trios, string quartets and a string octet, and numerous works for piano two and four hands. [31] She planned a second piano concerto, but only a Konzertsatz in F minor from 1847 survived. 28 March 1903 in Eger, Bohemia, now Cheb, Czech Republic; d. 8 May 1991 in Guilford, Vermont), pianist best known for his interpretations and rec, Amy Beach The next few years were devoted mainly to Robert's compositions and to a growing family. Like her father, Clara Schumann was an excellent teacher; she mothered her students and followed their careers with great interest. 1851); Felix (b. He was so pleased with the last letter I wrote to him. "Robert Schumann and Clara Wieck: a Creative Partnership," in Music & Letters. Acclaimed across Europe, she was one of the 19th century's foremost concert pianists . The Weimar school promoted the idea of program music,[85] while both the Schumanns and Brahms of the Leipzig/Berlin school were strict in their stance that music must and can only be absolute music,[86] a term derisively coined by Wagner. 211227. I never would have dreamed how difficult it would be to get accepted to her class. She was known for her extraordinary piano skills and for her collaborations with Johannes Brahms. [51][75] She also edited 20 sonatas by Domenico Scarlatti, letters (Jugendbriefe) by her husband in 1885, and his piano works with fingering and other instructions (Fingersatz und Vortragsbezeichnungen) in 1886. 1851) and Felix (b. 1841); Elise (b. [48], In 1878, Schumann was appointed the first piano teacher of the new Dr. Hoch's Konservatorium in Frankfurt. B. indem sie Ihre Anmeldedaten speichern, die Videoleistung optimieren oder uns Informationen darber geben, wie unsere Website genutzt wird. Bitte treffen Sie vor dem Speichern eine Auswahl! Everyone in my generation is trying for it." Wrote Clement Harris, a Schumann student: "I am proud to be a Schumann-scholar now. [] What saddens me deeply is the fact that Alwin had grieved so terribly in the last months, because he was not mentioned even with a single word in the newspapers on the occasion of my fathers 100th birthday, after he had been so committed to disseminating the method of our father with tireless diligence and had achieved the best results with it. From the marriage of Friedrich Wieck and Clementine Fechner, Clara Schumanns stepmother: Wieck, Clemens (18291833), half-brotherWieck, Marie (18321916), half-sisterLike her older sister, Marie Wieck was trained by her father, Friedrich Wieck, to become a pianist. 2023
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